Two-Day Chalk Urdu Conference (Last Part)

When we mention the nature of fiction in Urdu literature, its traces are prominent in the twentieth century, the period of the first fifteen years of this century is very important.

In those days, fiction was moving towards evolution. The fiction writers of that time were not only artistic and intellectual, but playing the role of social reformer seemed to be the voice of their conscience. Chand and Rashid Al Khairy’s names appear to be on the rise. Rashid Al Khairi highlighted the reformism in Urdu fiction under the influence of Aligarh movement.

According to Dr. Hamid Baig, he also created fictions about patriotism and the unfair and cruel behavior of British hostility. Critics have divided the art of fiction into different periods based on the changes and new trends involved in fiction writing.

The period from 1915 to 1936 is considered as the second period of fiction writing. In this period, following Yıldırım, Romanian fiction writers have proved their importance.

Among these writers are Niaz Fateh Puri, Majnu Gorakh Puri, Qazi Abdul Ghaffar, while the names of Ali Abbas, Azam Karivi and many other fiction writers who follow Premchand’s style of writing are mentioned. From 1936, the third era of fiction begins, which began with the progressive movement, its spirit was Sajjad Zaheer.

Besides, the names of Mahmood Azfar and Rashid Jahan are prominent. He announced the progressive movement in London in which scientific and rationalism was promoted and a collection called “Engare” was also published. Is.

The fourth period of Urdu fiction begins with the establishment of Pakistan in 1947. During the migration of Muslims to Pakistan, numerous incidents of brutality came to light.

These events affected the lives of the writers, their eyes saw people cut, suffering and sobbing in trains full of families and Muslims, Mr. Shamim Hanafi has interpreted this incident as follows: Partition is the greatest event of horror and upheaval in the history of modern India and in our collective life.” made the creative literature of the period generally an expression of deep sorrow, anxiety and deprivation.

Fiction, novels and poetry were created in the context of the riots. Krishnachandra’s creation of fiction on the riots was collated in a dogmatic form under the title “We are Savages”. The color of moderation was prominent in the fictions of Saadat Hasan Manto.

As a result of his sense of inhumane acts, killings, many of his important fictions were published. Among them, fictions like “Thanda Goshth, Toba Tek Singh, Khol Do” came to the fore. The martial law of 1958 affected the writers so much that they created fiction with the help of symbols.

This was the period when Intar Hussain created epics such as The Last Man, The Yellow Dog, Bone Structure, political and social upheavals and a sense of dread and terror that included the problem of individual identity and the sorrow of loss.

Fall of Dhaka December 16, 1971 was a shameful and painful day for Muslims, especially Pakistan, when Muslims, Muslims’ hands were bathed in their own blood, this national tragedy can never be forgotten, the lust for power and the heinous conspiracy of India. Pakistan was made a nation under, fictions and novels were written in the context of these bloody events.

Zahida Hina, Professor Ali Haider Malik, Shahnaz Parveen, Ahmad Zainuddin and other poets and writers who saw the blood flowing on the land of Dhaka and the piles of dead bodies of women, children, old people, young men, the fire in the house and the beheading, Naked dead bodies, the creations that came out in the wake of this tragedy clearly highlighted the sense of fear and insecurity.

Shahnaz Parveen’s collection of short stories, “Kitani Barsana Naftar” is a novel that has been published recently, Professor Ali Haider Malik’s short story collection “Landless Bay Asman” is a novel of this contemporary chaos and war frenzy. is a reflection of

About Zahida Hina, Ahmad Saleem writes, “Zahida Hina’s stories are the beats of the earth and the sky. Her first collection of fiction, ‘Qidi Sans Leita Hai’, is about individual helplessness in the intellectual tone and expressiveness of its subject and fiction. He is the interpreter of contemporary chaos. Asif Farrokhi’s fictions are manifestations of his profound experiences and observations.

His first collection of fiction is “Atshan Fashan Me Khule Gulab”.

Mubeen Mirza’s first collection of fiction “Under the Sky of Fear” was published in 2004. The author wrote his fiction about the events that happened after 9/11, the American occupation in Afghanistan, and the terrorism caused by the United States in Iraq. This is what life is” has been presented in an effective manner.

Since almost three decades ago, our own country, especially Karachi, has been a victim of political and linguistic hatred, and even today, the process of dropping dead bodies and target killing continues.

The act of kidnapping innocent girls and women and taking their lives through brutal violence has poisoned the atmosphere of the society because of the unfair process which brings the murderer to book but spares him from a severe punishment. The behavior is un-Islamic and illegal.

No matter how much it is condemned, our writers have created fictions, novels and poetry on the tragic killings. Many of the fictions of Raqim al-Satur are titled Night of Killing, and the Counting Changed, Mangal in the Jungle, “Suye Maktal”. have been published, which reveal the atmosphere of cruelty and violence when corpses wrapped in sacks were on the intersections, streets and highways with their funerals telling the story of barbarism in search of their burial. With Naki in the form of poetry.

Sirens echo through the air

Pills find life

The evening comes in full

Bathed in his own blood

How many handsome young men like the moon

Sink with the sun

Dead bodies tied hands and feet

They present their ways

In the 80s and 90s, an atmosphere of terrorism was imposed in Karachi, in addition to sectarianism, political parties, jihadi organizations fostered terrorism, gang wars, and bloodshed in Karachi.

Writers depicted these situations in their writings, Hasan Manzar’s short story “25 North 67 East”, Asad Muhammad Khan’s short story “In the center of the storm”, Asif Farrokhi’s collection of two short stories “Shahr Baiti”. ’ and ‘Shahr Majra’ show terrifying images of the city. In this context, the fictions of Naeem Arvi, Sultan Jameel Naseem, Anwar Ahmedzai and Fahmida Riaz highlight the ethnic hatred.